The following table lists a number of explanatory phrases some of which contain abbreviations commonly used in indicating prior or subsequent history and weight of authority of judicial decisions. As indicated below, those phrases such as affg or overruled by that are followed by a case citation as their direct object are not followed. Judicial opinions basic legal citation cornell university. Remember that every citation sentence must end with a period. How to cite a concurrence in or dissent from a denial of. Apart from some exceptions noted below, the jurisdiction and court is indicated in a citations first parenthetical before the year. When a case is referenced in a separate citation clause or sentence, follow all rules below. Citing cases bluebook rules dulaneybrowne library at. The format shown above including the absence of periods called for by the bluebook and a semicolon separating the parallel citations is. Parenthetical use is governed in part by the bluebook and in part by our own writing objectives. Citation practices and the bluebook cuny school of law. Phrases that introduce a case citation for the explanatory action are followed by a comma, which is not italicized.
Citus legalus is an automated bluebook citation generator for lazy law students. Explanatory information introduction to the bluebook. First, how does one properly cite a recent slip opinion from the supreme court, and second, how does one indicate that the document cited is a concurrence or dissent from the denial of cert. Subsequent history citations will follow the full citation of a case, separated by a comma. Case name abbreviations generally abbreviate explanatory phrases according to table 8. Blue colored practitioners notes for court documents and legal memoranda blue colored tables pages. Everything you wanted to know that the bluebook does not tell.
A parenthetical is an explanatory phrase included in parentheses at the end of a legal citation. A citation should indicate the court where an opinion was issued. There are two problems to tackle, and we will take them in turn. By looking at the weight or relevance of the authority i. In states where a citation variant appears against a different background there is. Abbreviate the court and jurisdiction according to tables 1 2 jurisdictional, 7 courts and 10 geographical. A b c d e f gh i jk l m n o p qr s t u vwxyz show all. Consult the bluebook in conjunction with these tips. The bluebook requires subsequent history be included in the citation if the case was addressed by a higher court or if the case is cited in full.